First photographic record of Puma concolor L. (Felidae, Carnivorae), in Celaque Mountain National Park, Lempira, Honduras

Abstract

The cougar, also known as mountain lion (Puma concolor, Linnaeus 1771), is one of the largest wild felines inhabiting the American continent. In Honduras, this species has been recorded in seven departments, according to various sources; however, its presence in Montaña de Celaque National Park had not been documented. The objective of this study was to confirm the presence of cougars in the core zone of the park using photographic records. Camera traps were used in the cloud forest of the core area of Montaña de Celaque National Park, municipality of San Manuel de Colohete, Lempira. Camera traps were installed at 2,414 m and operated for a period of 492 nights/camera; the captured images were analyzed to confirm the species based on morphological traits. Records of P. concolor were obtained in six photo captures. The photographic evidence confirms the presence of this species in the protected area. These records suggest a pattern of diurnal activity. The photographic record of P. concolor in the PNMC supports its presence in conserved cloud forests. The species, listed as Endangered in Honduras, is an important ecological indicator. Conserving its habitat is essential, as well as implementing continuous monitoring programs in protected areas. The confirmed presence of cougars in the PNMC reinforces the relevance of this protected area as a refuge for key fauna. This finding reinforces the need to strengthen conservation and surveillance actions in the park, with particular focus on prioritizing large carnivores as flagship species for the protection of ecosystems.